Typically, standardized testing in the classroom is a formal summative assessment. The assessment is summative because it shows what the students have learned up to that point in their education. The test is graded and then the scores are given out to the students. The test is formal because it is planned in advance and a specific period of time is set aside for this testing.
Standardized tests can be reliable but have poor validity. This is because the test can be deemed reliable when it shows consistent scores but the test may not be valid because it has not measured what it is meant to measure.
Standardized tests may not actually be equitable to every student. Some of the questions are going to be biased toward one race or ethnicity over another. Some students may have a difficult time answering questions on these stantardized tests because the questions may be worded in a way that they aren't used to.
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